Author: Dr. Sheena A D

ISBN: 978-81-69297-31-8

DOI: https://doi.org/10.59646/816

Date of Publication: April 30, 2026

Preface

This practical record, titled Manual for Protected Cultivation (Practical Record), has been prepared to provide students with a systematic and practical understanding of protected cultivation technologies and their applications in modern agriculture. It covers essential practical exercises related to greenhouse types and structures, irrigation and fertigation systems, nursery raising, shade-net houses, polyhouse technology, microclimate measurement, air exchange, drying and moisture determination, vermicomposting, mushroom cultivation, secondary agriculture, and engineering properties of biomaterials. The manual is designed to bridge theoretical knowledge with hands-on learning by encouraging students to observe, measure, record, calculate, and interpret important parameters associated with protected agricultural production. It is intended to serve as a useful laboratory and field reference for students, teachers, and practitioners seeking to develop practical skills for efficient, sustainable, and economically viable protected cultivation.